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Reflector antennas - detecting small targets in any weather
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Published in EEZ International, Vol. 1, No. 2, February 2004, p46-48. Written by Vladimir Stoiljkovic.
Abstract: Increase in terrorist activity and smuggling as well as evident threats to both national security and environment are forcing governments to strengthen and expand the systems for coastal surveillance. The key requirement for maritime surveillance radars is detection of small targets at long ranges in adverse weather conditions. |
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This paper discusses improvements in small target detection by use of parabolic reflector antennas.
Effects of rain on performance of maritime radars
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Written by Vladimir Stoiljkovic.
Abstract: Maritime radars are required to have a very good target detection capability. Detection and tracking of small targets in harsh weather conditions can help authorities in efficient monitoring of illegal activities. It is well known that rain can significantly reduce detection ranges of maritime radars, especially on small targets. This paper explains the causes for this and how adverse effects of rain can be reduced by proper choice of radar scanner parameters. |
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Radar detection of small targets
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Written by Vladimir Stoiljkovic.
Abstract: There is a growing interest in the resources needed to enable Port Authorities to successfully implement the International Code for the Security of Ships and Port facilities (ISPS) code. The code advocates the appropriate use of technology to prevent security threats. |
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In order to obtain a complete operating picture all maritime traffic must be monitored as it enters, exits and passes through the area of coverage. All vessels must be identified, clearly specifying their position, cargo, intent etc. Standard HF and VHF radio technology as well as the more recent Automatic Identification System (AIS) technology is used for this purpose. AIS systems in particular, have shown great promise in reducing or even eliminating the task of mundane and error-prone transfer of information between vessels and Port Authorities. Both AIS and VHF radio are cooperative systems. This implies that vessels must follow certain rules and do their best to help Port Authorities generate a complete maritime picture. Obviously, these systems cannot be relied upon to track vessels that do not want to be seen. Non-cooperative systems are needed to ensure that all vessels are seen, regardless of their intentions.
Role of radar in implementation of the ISPS code
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An updated version of the paper "Radar detection of small targets" published in Port Technology International, 25th edition. Written by Vladimir Stoiljkovic.
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Abstract: The International Ship and Port Facility Security (ISPS) Code has been introduced by the United Nations via the International Maritime Organization (IMO) to address the threat to the maritime industry posed by terrorism and other illegal activities. The Code was approved in December 2002 and became a law on 1st July 2004.
The Code presents a standardised framework to evaluate potential risks and then assess and address vulnerabilities. It is more than a list of physical security measures and could greatly enhance information gathering for port authorities. It should be noted that many ports will require sophisticated electronic equipment to meet the security requirements as well as enhance the capabilities to support safe navigation.
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